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A Place to Find Hints for working with the Raspberry Pi

Overclocking the Raspberry Pi 4

  • sudo apt update
  • sudo apt dist-upgrade
  • sudo reboot
  • sudo nano /boot/config.txt
    • Save file after making one of the following changes
  • Add at the end:
    • arm_freq_min=1000 (improves the overall performance)
    • for overclocking to 1.75
      • over_voltage=4
      • arm_freq=1750
    • for overclocking to 2.0
      • over_voltage=6
      • arm_freq=2000
      • gpu_freq=750

Pi Considerations

  • Monitor setting of 1920×1080
  • h264ify options set to block 60 FPS for better video on Pi
  • check ventz blog for updates
  • pikiss for easy setting of many Pi programs and settings
  • neofetch for computer stats (sudo apt install neofetch) and just neofetch as the command
  • you can search the web for wallpaper with search “1920×1080 wallpaper”
  • good tutorials on <https://core-electronics.com.au>
  • YouTube audio library for public domain background music
  • for interesting older files <internet archive>
  • for use with a USB webcam consider “cheese” (sudo apt install cheese) or VLC
  • TerraPi Case appears to be a simple inexpensive case to consider using to attach an SSD drive to the Pi
  • Consider adding ‘nemo’ file manager for additional features <sudo apt install nemo>
  • Possible video editors are OpenShot and kdenlive (can be installed with sudo apt install)
  • Fyde OS for Chrome OS 0sing a chromium image
  • In the Raspberry Pi Terminal, use ‘pinout’ to see the GPIO layout
    • If this doesn’t work try installing with ‘sudo install python3-gpiozero’

Raspberry Pi OS – Shrink, Copy, Backup and Restore

  • Gnome-disk-utility, G-parted, Raspberry Pi Imager, Pi-Apps to install Pi-Power-Tools
  • Link to full video = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00ck25k_lgw

Raspberry Pi OS Installation Instructions for Zero 2

https://qengineering.eu/install-64-os-on-raspberry-pi-zero-2.html
To keep wear and startup time at a minimum, we suggest replacing the dphys-swapfile with the traditional Linux swap mechanism. It works just as good as dphys-swapfile, but your startup time is much shorter.

Setting Up Appearance and Theme on Raspberry Pi OS

  • Main Menu Editor
    • Preferences, more Optionshttps://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/camera/raspicam/timelapse.md
    • Add Appearance and Themes to appear in the menu
    • Use lxde themes

Commander Pi

https://github.com/Jack477/CommanderPi

(first make install executable! sudo chmod +x install.sh )
Then install it with ./install.sh

Installing Torguard on Pi (openvpn)

https://forums.torguard.net/index.php?/topic/1632-trouble-with-openvpn-on-raspberry-pi/

# remove all previous config
sudo rm -rf /etc/openvpn/*.ovpn

# download and unzip files to openvpn folder
cd /etc/openvpn/
sudo wget https://torguard.net/downloads/OpenVPN-TCP-Linux.zip
sudo unzip OpenVPN-TCP-Linux.zip
sudo cp -a ./OpenVPN-TCP/. /etc/openvpn/

# change permissions for openvpn script
sudo chmod 777 update-resolv-conf

# add torguard vpn username/password to existing user.txt file
sudo nano ./user.txt # add vpn connection username first line, password second line

# add auth-user-pass command to all *.ovpn files
echo 'auth-user-pass user.txt' | sudo tee -a $(ls -1 *.ovpn)

# kill any openvpn process and restart with random config
sudo killall -9 openvpn && cd /etc/openvpn && sudo openvpn --daemon --cd /etc/openvpn --config `ls -1 *.ovpn | sort -R | head -1`

# check your ip and crack open a beer
curl http://checkip.dyndns.org
You can use this simple code to pull in the user interface (ui) window from PyQt5 Designer with button and label included to manipulate and add additional code to make something fun happen:
  1. label is the name of a label in the ui
  2. pushButton and B2 are names of buttons in the ui
  3. the bold text is the actual minimal code to bring in the ui file
    1. in this case “SimplePyQt5Box.ui”
    2. located in the same folder as the Python code file.

Python UI application with Qt designer 4 Widget List YouTube

  • def printSomething():
    • print(“Will this ever really work?”)   
    • MainWindow.label.setText(“will this work?”)
  • def changeL2():
    • print(“This is from the second buttton”)   
    • MainWindow.L2.setText(“This actually changed!”)
  • app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
  • MainWindow = uic.loadUi(“SimplePyQt5Box.ui”)
  • MainWindow.pushButton.clicked.connect(printSomething)
  • MainWindow.B2.clicked.connect(changeL2)
  • MainWindow.show()
  • app.exec()

Raspberry Pi Camera Mount (From explaining computers video)

  • Link to Video (explainingcomputers.com)
  • Enable Camera in Raspian Preferences
  • In Terminal try  the following line to see if the camera is working:
    • raspistill – o /home/pi/Pictures/test.jpg
    • raspistill -vf -hf -o /home/pi/Pictures/test.jpg (to flip picture if it is upside down)
  • To Record Video
    • raspivid -o Desktop/video.h264
  • To Create timelapse photos
    • raspistill -t 30000 -tl 2000 -o image%04.jpeg 
    • This statement creates a picture every 2 seconds for 30 minutes
  • On github find “motioneyesos” image to flash to a SD card
  • To see camera preview when using VNC
    • Open RealVNC Server on the host computer (computer with the camera)
    • Go to ‘Options’ and then to ‘Troubleshooting
      • Enable ‘experimental direct capture mode’

Raspberry Pi Camera App

  • Bill Williams 1952
  • https://github.com/Billwilliams1952

Tasksel to install multiple operating system GUI on the Pi.

Time Lapse Photography with Terminal

https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/camera/raspicam/timelapse.md

Using raspistill’s inbuilt time-lapse mode
The raspistill application has a built in time-lapse mode, using the –timelapse (or -tl) command line switch. The value that follows the switch is the time between shots in milliseconds:

raspistill -t 30000 -tl 2000 -o image%04d.jpg
Note the %04d in the output filename: this indicates the point in the filename where you want a frame count number to appear.

Stitching Images Together
On another Linux computer
sudo apt install mencoder
Now run the following command:
mencoder -nosound -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:aspect=16/9:vbitrate=8000000 -vf scale=1920:1080 -o timelapse.avi -mf type=jpeg:fps=24 mf://@stills.txt
Once that’s completed, you should have a video file called timelapse.avi containing a time-lapse from your images.

Learn How to Use SQLite Databases With Python

https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/using-sqlite-databases-with-python/

Over Clocking the Raspberry Pi

Make sure you have adequate cooling for the system!!

Statements for Raspberry Pi 4
  • For CPU Overclocking to 1700
    • over_voltage=2
    • arm_freq=1700
  • For GPU Overclock to 600
    • gpu_freq=600
    • over_voltage=4
  • For CPU Overclock to 1750
    • over_voltage=2
    • arm_freq=1750
  • For GPU Overclock to 620
    • gpu_freq=620
    • over_voltage=4
For Raspberry Pi 3B+ from Explaining Computers
  • sudo idle
  • from the boot folder open config.txt
  • arm_freq = 1500
  • over_voltage =6
  • gpu_freq = 500

Balena Sound

  • Build a single or multi-room streamer for an existing audio device using a Raspberry Pi! Supports Bluetooth, Airplay and Spotify Connect
  • Getting started with balenaSound is as simple as deploying it to a balenaCloud application.
  • https://sound.balenalabs.io/

Raspberry Pi Imager v1.6

Added new settings feature for flashing an OS

  • Ctrl+shift+x
  • Brings up new settings options
    • Can set SSH settings
    • Can pre-set wifi password


SSH Guard – consider installing on Pi

sudo apt install sshguard

Synchronizing Files on your Raspberry Pi with Syncthing

https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-syncthing/

Raspberry Pi as a Hotspot

Tips on Using ssh

  • Activate ssh in Raspberry Pi Config
  • On another computer in the terminal:
    • ssh pi@ipaddress
  • Consider trying “Virtual Here” app


Terminal Commands to Install Open CV
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qf55aUgfLfQ&list=TLPQMDExMTIwMjEeA1jPcxS6iw&index=2

  • sudo apt-get update
  • sudo apt-get install python3-opencv
  • sudo apt-get install libqt4-test python3-sip python3-pyqt5 libqtgui4 libjasper-dev libatlas-base-dev -y
  • pip3 install opencv-contrib-python==4.1.0.25
  • sudo modprobe bcm2835-v4l2 ——————————————————————————————————————————————————-

fswebcam

  • sudo install fswebcam
  • sudo usermod -a -G video root
  • sudo usermod -a -G pi
  • fswebcam image.jpg

Ram Disk for Swap file

  • zram pi
  • logzram

Chromium OS on the Pi

  • Expanding the Partition after installation
    • https://faq.fydeos.com/en/recipes/expand-stateful-partition/
    • First, bring up a shell prompt (ctrl + alt + F2 for tty shell; or ctrl + alt + t for crosh shell then enter shell for bash), login with chronos
    • Execute the lsblk command and verify your stateful partition label name, it’s likely to be mmcblk0p1. Make sure it’s listed in the output.
    • Execute the expansion script: sudo /usr/sbin/expand-partition.sh --dst /dev/mmcblk0p1
    • Once the script finish running without error, your stateful partition should be expanded to occupy the rest of your SD card free space
  • Instructions for Installing VS Code in Chromium OS on the Pi
    • code.visualstudio.com/blogs/2020/12/03/chromebook-get-started
    • install Linux subsystem on Chromium OS
      • sudo apt-get update
      • sudo apt-get install -y gnome-keyring
    • Go to the Visual Studio Code Download page. From there, you need to pick the right package for your Chromebook:
      • the pi runs on an ARM64 chip so pick the .deb package in the variant ARM64
      • find the package in your Downloads folder. Double-click on the package to launch the installer.
      • you’ll find Visual Studio Code inside a folder called Linux apps (along with the Linux terminal)

Using Exfat Drives on Raspberry Pi

  • sudo apt install exfat-fuse exfat-utils

Setting Up Shares / Shared Drives on the Pi

Setting the Clock in Rasp PI OS Taskbar/Menu

  • For a 12 hour clock that includes seconds
    • change %R to %r
  • For a 12 hour clock without seconds
    • change to %I:%M %p (first letter is a capital i (I))

Energy Use Raspberry Pi 4

  • Pi uses 2.5 W at idle
    • SMUD Summer Rate Cost
      • Per day $0.01, per month $0.35, per year $4.20 (approximate using 3W for calculation)
  • Pi uses 6.6 W at CPU maximum
    • SMUD Summer Rate Cost
      • Per day $0.03, per month $0.81, per year $9.80 (approximate using 7W for calculation)

Timed Auto-Shutdown Using Crontab

  • https://smarthomepursuits.com/how-to-reboot-raspberry-pi-on-a-schedule/
  • Open a terminal and type this command:
    • sudo crontab -e
  • If you haven’t edited anything in the crontab before, select your editor.
    • Press #1 to choose the nano file editor.
    • Then press the down arrow to scroll to the very bottom.
  • Add Scheduled Reboot Time
    • Enter this command to schedule a reboot.
    • This command will schedule a daily reboot at 6am.
      • 0 6 * * * /sbin/shutdown -r now
  • If you want to automatically reboot your raspberry pi at a certain interval using minutes and hours (for example, 1:03pm),
    the command you’d enter would look like this:
    • 03 13 * * * /sbin/shutdown -r now
  • Now you have to decide when you want your Pi to turn off.
    • https://jarrodstech.net/how-to-shut-down-raspberry-pi-automatically-with-cron/
    • The best thing I have found is the crontab.guru website. It allows you to test and get the syntax correct. It also adds a text representation of when the job will run.
    • I will add 2 commands as I want my Pi to turn off at 10:20Pm every day and at 9:00AM every weekday respectively.
      • 20 22 * * * root shutdown -h now
      • 00 09 * * 1-5 root shutdown -h now
  • Options for shutting down using the terminal shutdown command
    • shutdown hour:minute (using 24 hour clock)
    • shutdown +minutes (number of minutes later to shutdown)

Fix Boot Issues with Rasp Pi USB Drive Enclosers

  • Cheaper Jmicron adapter does not work with 64 bit OS.
  • In the cmdline.txt file enter the following line at the beginning of the file and leave a space before the rest of the lines already present
    • cmdline.txt file is located in the /boot folder
    • Add the following statement at the beginning of the text, add a space, DO NOT press enter or put it on a separate line
      • usb-storage.quirks=152d:0578:u
    • Nice, cheap, FAST solution, when combined with a $20 120GB SSD
  • Link for details

Raspberry Pi as WiFi Ethernet Bridge

Bootloader Update

  • To update the bootloader use:
    • sudo rpi-update

Raspberry Pi Boot Control and Eeprom Update

  • rpi-eeprom-update -a
  • sudo rpi-eeprom-update
  • sudo raspi-config
  • Go to Advanced Options
  • Select the Network install UI option
  • Pick always display UI
  • Re-boot
  • When booting the Pi keep tapping the spacebar to get to the boot menu
  • Select the device you would like to boot from.

30 Comments

  1. https://github.com/raspberrypi/documentation/blob/master/hardware/raspberrypi/booteeprom.md

    Updating the bootloader
    We recommend setting up your Pi so that it automatically updates the bootloader: this means you will get new features and bug fixes as they are released. Bootloader updates are performed by the rpi-eeprom package, which installs a service that runs at boot-time to check for critical updates.

    sudo apt update
    sudo apt full-upgrade
    sudo apt install rpi-eeprom
    If you wish to control when the updates are applied you can disable the systemd service from running automatically and run rpi-eeprom-update manually.

    # Prevent the service from running, this can be run before the
    # package is installed to prevent it ever running automatically.
    sudo systemctl mask rpi-eeprom-update

    # Enable it again
    sudo systemctl unmask rpi-eeprom-update
    The FREEZE_VERSION option in the EEPROM config file may be used to indicate that the EEPROM should not be updated on this board.

  2. Checking if an update is available
    Running the rpi-eeprom-update command with no parameters indicates whether an update is required. An update is required if the timestamp of the most recent file in the firmware directory (normally /lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader/critical) is newer than that reported by the current bootloader. The images under /lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader are part of the rpi-eeprom package and are only updated via apt update.

    sudo rpi-eeprom-update

    Unlikely to be needed and use with great caution. Consider not using and just going to the stable upgrade for the new USB boot.

  3. Updating Raspberry Pi 4 to USB Boot, Official Stable Version

    Updated Method to Get Official USB Boot
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suU09BMMFts&list=TLPQMzAxMjIwMjB4CfzXQZLQag&index=2

    Basically use the Raspberry Pi Configuration Tool at
    sudo raspi-config
    Update the eeprom from here and set the default to USB boot

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfxFS2mK6ok
    How to update your Raspberry Pi 4 to boot from SSD,Hard drive or USB stick

    Raspberry Pi 4
    supports all models 1GB, 2GB, 4GB and the new 8GB model

    Instructions Perform at your own risk
    Running Raspberry Pi OS from an sd card
    Open a terminal

    sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade
    Reboot
    sudo nano /etc/default/rpi-eeprom-update
    Check you are on stable, change it if not
    sudo rpi-eeprom-update -d -f /lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader/stable/pieeprom-2020-06-15.bin
    Reboot

    After rebooting write your chosen os to usb or sd card with Raspberry imager or balena etcher

  4. Pi Camera Commands”

    raspistill -t 15000 -o newpic.jpg
    The -t option changes the delay before the picture is taken, from the default five seconds to whatever time you give it in milliseconds – in this case, you have a full 15 seconds to get your shot arranged perfectly after you press ENTER.

    Capture video
    For shooting video, raspivid is what you need. Try it out with this Terminal command:

    raspivid -t 10000 -o testvideo.h264
    This records a ten-second video (10,000 milliseconds) at the default 1920 × 1080 resolution.

    You can also shoot slow-mo video at 640 × 480 by using:
    raspivid -w 640 -h 480 -fps 90 -t 10000 -o test90fps.h264

    Tip! Using VNC
    By default, you won’t be able to view the camera preview window when accessing your Raspberry Pi remotely from another computer via VNC. However, there is a setting to make the window appear. Open the VNC Server menu on Raspberry Pi and go to Options > Troubleshooting, then select ‘Enable direct capture mode’.

  5. Download Barrier to Raspberry Pi
    https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/articles/share-your-keyboard-and-mouse-with-barrier?mc_cid=2d5d987580&mc_eid=da2e6c4637

    Barrier is used to share a keyboard between Raspberry Pi and other computers: Windows PC, Mac, or Linux (even a second Raspberry Pi).

    First, install Barrier on Raspberry Pi using APT. Open a Terminal and enter:

    sudo apt update
    sudo apt install barrier -y

    Install Barrier on the client
    Now download Barrier to your client computer (in our case the Windows PC) from the Barrier GitHub page.

    Open the BarrierSetup-2.3.2.exe program (you may have a later version number). Use the corresponding DMG file for macOS – or APT for a Linux, as shown in the previous step.

    Make sure all of your computers are connected to the same network before going any further.

    Client and server
    Now that Barrier is installed on both computers, you need to decide which one is going to be in control. This is the one you will have your keyboard and mouse connected to. This will be the ‘server’ and the other computer will be the ‘client’.

    Because we use our Raspberry Pi so much, we’re going to connect our keyboard and mouse to it and have it control the secondary Windows PC. But it could easily be the other way around.

    Set up the server
    Barrier is installed on Raspberry OS, and is opened by choosing Menu > Accessories > Barrier. The Barrier window will appear (below).

    The Barrier server configuration running on Raspberry Pi
    Ensure that Server is ticked and make a note of the IP address (on our Raspberry Pi this is 192.168.0.41; on your network the IP address may be different).

    Set up the client
    Now open the Barrier app on your client machine (in our case a Windows 10 computer).

    Deselect the Server checkbox and select Client instead. Enter the IP address for Raspberry Pi into the Server IP text box. On our setup, Raspberry Pi is located at 192.168.0.41 (below). Your IP address may vary – it is displayed in Barrier on Raspberry Pi. Make a note of the screen name for your client computer. Ours is ‘lucyhattersley-dell’.

    Barrier on the Windows PC and is set up in client mode. Here is our server configuration
    Configure server
    Head back to Barrier on Raspberry Pi and click Configure Server. This will open the Server Configuration window (below).

    The Server Configuration window is used to set up the position of both monitors correctly (so the mouse flows from one screen to another)
    The Server Configuration window is used to set up the position of both monitors correctly (so the mouse flows from one screen to another)
    Now you need to add, and position, the client computer using the Screen Name. Drag the monitor icon from the top-right of the Server Configuration window and place it next to the monitor icon marked ‘raspberrypi’. Ours is positioned to the left of our Raspberry Pi (to match the monitor layout).

    The monitor icon will be called ‘Unnamed’. Double-click it to open the Screen Settings window and change the Screen Name to match the client computer – for example in our case, ‘lucyhattersley-dell’ (below). Click OK to close the window.

    It is important to use the correct screen name of your computer in the Screen Settings window
    Start it up
    Click Start on Barrier on your server computer (in our case, Raspberry Pi). Wait until the lock icon in the bottom left of the Barrier window displays ‘Barrier is running’.

    Now click Start on Barrier on the client computer (our Windows PC). Again, wait for the ‘Barrier is running’ message.

    Mouse and keyboard
    Move the mouse pointer on your Raspberry Pi over to the left of display and it will flow to the client machine. Now you can use Raspberry Pi’s mouse and keyboard to control the Windows interface. Open an app and click on a text box (such as a web browser and URL box). Now you can use Raspberry Pi’s keyboard to enter text into your Windows computer. It’s now safe to disconnect any keyboard and mouse from the client computer. You’ll be able to use the server keyboard and mouse moving forward.

  6. Motion activated camera on your raspberry pi, using Motion

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AejagSlRHQU

    Step 5:
    open terminal and type in these commands followed by the enter key.
    ‘sudo apt-get update’
    ‘sudo apt-get install motion’

    Step 6:
    once step 4 is complete, run these commands.
    ‘cd /etc/motion/
    ‘sudo nano motion.conf’

    Step 7:
    Scroll down in the document to find the line ‘stream_localhost on’ and change it to
    ‘stream_localhost off’
    Then press ‘CTRL+X’, then ‘y’, then ‘ENTER’
    Then type ‘sudo reboot’ and wait.

    Step 8:
    Once on again, in the terminal type ‘ifconfig’ followed by enter
    Look for your internet connection (wlan for wifi, or eth for ethernet)
    On the 2nd line of your interface, you should see ‘inet addr:(your ip)’

    Step 9:
    Back on your raspberry pi, type in ‘sudo motion -n’
    You should see the program starting up and see it saving pictures when you make motion on your camera.

    To end motion, press ‘CTRL+C’

    Step 10:
    Go to your other device that is on the same network and type in that ip that you found in step 7 followed by ‘:8081’. EXAMPLE: 192.168.0.15:8081

    To stop motion press ‘CTRL+C’

    You can type ‘sudo nano /etc/motion/motion.conf’ to control the camera options.

  7. Déjà Dup
    This automates rsync and gives it a user-friendly interface. Backup your Raspberry Pi using Amazon S3, SSH, FTP, or by copying the files directly to a flash drive.

    You can pick directories to include and exclude, and it’s easy to restore backups. Déjà Dup is installed by default on Ubuntu, and is easy to install in Raspbian:

    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
    sudo apt-get install deja-dup

    Now you’ll find a new program called Backups in Menu > Accessories.
    Click on Folders to save and check that Home (pi) is listed. Folders to ignore should include Rubbish Bin.
    Now click on Storage Location and change Amazon S3 to your flash drive.
    Go back to Overview and click Back Up Now. Déjà Dup will start the first backup.

  8. NAME
    cryfs – cryptographic filesystem for the cloud
    SYNOPSIS
    cryfs [-c file] [-f] [options] basedir mountpoint [– fuse-options]
    cryfs –help|–version|–show-ciphers
    DESCRIPTION
    CryFS encrypts your files, so you can safely store them anywhere.
    The goal of CryFS is not only to keep file contents, but also file sizes, metadata and directory structure confidential. CryFS uses encrypted same-size blocks to store both the files themselves and the block’s relations to another. These blocks are stored as individual files in the base directory, which can then be synchronized with cloud services such as Dropbox.

    The blocks are encrypted using a random key, which is stored in a configuration file encrypted by the user’s passphrase. By default, it will be stored together with the data in the base directory, but you can choose a different location if you do not want it in your cloud or when using a weak passphrase.

    USING CRYFS
    Selecting base and mount directories
    While you can access your files through your mount directory, CryFS actually places them in your base directory after encrypting. CryFS will encrypt and decrypt your files ‘on the fly’ as they are accessed, so files will never be stored on the disk in unencrypted form.
    You can choose any empty directory as your base, but your mount directory should be outside of any cloud storage, as your cloud may try to sync your (temporarily mounted) unencrypted files as well.

    Setup and usage of your encrypted directory
    Creating and mounting your encrypted storage use the same command-line syntax:
    cryfs basedir mountpoint
    If CryFS detects an encrypted storage in the given base directory, you will be asked for the passphrase to unlock and mount it. Otherwise, CryFS will help you with creating one, just follow the on-screen instructions.

    After you are done working with your encrypted files, unmount your storage with the command
    fusermount -u mountpoint
    Changing your passphrase
    As the encryption key to your CryFS storage is stored in your configuration file, it would be possible to re-encrypt it using a different passphrase (although this feature has not been implemented yet).
    However, this does not change the actual encryption key of your storage, so someone with access to the old passphrase and configuration file (for example through the file history of your cloud or your file system) could still access your files, even those created after the password change.

    For this reason, the recommended way to change your passphrase is to create a new CryFS storage with the new passphrase and move your files from the old to the new one.

    OPTIONS
    Getting help
    -h, –help
    Show a help message containing short descriptions for all options.
    –show-ciphers
    Show a list of all supported encryption ciphers.
    –version
    Show the CryFS version number.
    Encryption parameters
    –blocksize arg
    Set the block size to arg bytes. Defaults to 32768.
    A higher block size may help reducing the file count in your base directory (especially when storing large files), but will also waste more space when storing smaller files.

    –cipher arg
    Use arg as the cipher for the encryption. Defaults to aes-256-gcm.
    -c file, –config file
    Use file as configuration file for this CryFS storage instead of basedir/cryfs.config
    General options
    -f, –foreground
    Run CryFS in the foreground. Stop using CTRL-C.
    –allow-filesystem-upgrade
    Allow upgrading the file system if it was created with an old CryFS version. After the upgrade, older CryFS versions might not be able to use the file system anymore.
    –allow-integrity-violations
    By default, CryFS checks for integrity violations, i.e. will notice if an adversary modified or rolled back the file system. Using this flag, you can disable the integrity checks. This can for example be helpful for loading an old snapshot of your file system without CryFS thinking an adversary rolled it back.
    –allow-replaced-filesystem
    By default, CryFS remembers file systems it has seen in this base directory and checks that it didn’t get replaced by an attacker with an entirely different file system since the last time it was loaded. However, if you do want to replace the file system with an entirely new one, you can pass in this option to disable the check.
    –missing-block-is-integrity-violation=true
    When CryFS encounters a missing ciphertext block, it cannot cannot (yet) know if it was deleted by an unauthorized adversary or by a second authorized client. This is one of the restrictions of the integrity checks currently in place. You can enable this flag to treat missing ciphertext blocks as integrity violations, but then your file system will not be usable by multiple clients anymore. By default, this flag is disabled.
    –logfile file
    Write status information to file. If no logfile is given, CryFS will write them to syslog in background mode, or to stdout in foreground mode.
    –unmount-idle arg
    Unmount automatically after arg minutes of inactivity.
    ENVIRONMENT
    CRYFS_FRONTEND=noninteractive
    With this option set, CryFS will only ask for the encryption passphrase once. Instead of asking the user for parameters not specified on the command line, it will just use the default values. CryFS will also not ask you to confirm your passphrase when creating a new CryFS storage.
    Set this environment variable when automating CryFS using external tools or shell scripts.

    CRYFS_NO_UPDATE_CHECK=true
    By default, CryFS connects to the internet to check for known security vulnerabilities and new versions. This option disables this.
    CRYFS_LOCAL_STATE_DIR=[path]
    Sets the directory cryfs uses to store local state. This local state is used to recognize known file systems and run integrity checks (i.e. check that they haven’t been modified by an attacker. Default value: ${HOME}/.cryfs
    SEE ALSO
    mount.fuse(1), fusermount(1)
    For more information about the design of CryFS, visit https://www.cryfs.org

    Visit the development repository at https://github.com/cryfs/cryfs for the source code and the full list of contributors to CryFS.

  9. Twister OS Patcher
    An updater for Twister OS that automatically downloads, unzips, and runs the latest patch for Twister OS. It is fine if you run the patcher more than once as it auto-detects your version. You have to run the patcher when you can reboot your computer as it is required for patching.

    https://github.com/FlameKat53/Twister-OS-Patcher

    Install/Update
    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FlameKat53/Twister-OS-Patcher/master/install.sh && chmod +x ./install.sh && ./install.sh && rm install.sh
    If you notice the repo has been changed, run twistpatch-update to update your current version of the patcher.

    Commands
    twistpatch: Runs the main patcher script to patch Twister OS
    twistpatch-update: Removes and reinstalls TwistPatcher to get the latest code
    twistpatch-remove: Uninstalls TwistPatcher from your system

  10. NumLock On When Booting (May or may not work??)
    — Open up /etc/kbd/config with your favorite editor.
    — Search for a line that says LEDS=+num. It should be on line 67 if I’m not mistaken.

  11. Possible Statement to Help USB Wireless on Pi
    add the following line to the ‘/boot/cmdline.txt’
    usbhid.mousepoll=0

    Tried with Wisfox Mouse and Keyboard, Amazon order 9/16/2020

  12. Pi-Safe for Backing Up and Compressing
    https://github.com/richardmidnight/pi-safe
    See Leepspvideo review on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XP6ycUR9Ih0
    In a terminal window, type in
    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RichardMidnight/pi-safe/main/pisafe
    bash pisafe

    Then you can select ‘install’ from the menu to install it in your Raspberry Pi menu

    PiSafe – Raspberry Pi imaging app by Richard Midnight

    https://github.com/richardmidnight/pi-safe

    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RichardMidnight/pi-safe/main/pisafe
    bash pisafe

    Then you can select ‘install’ from the menu to install it in your Raspberry Pi menu

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