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1. https://github.com/raspberrypi/documentation/blob/master/hardware/raspberrypi/booteeprom.md

   Updating the bootloader
   We recommend setting up your Pi so that it automatically updates the bootloader: this means you will get new features and bug fixes as they are released. Bootloader updates are performed by the rpi-eeprom package, which installs a service that runs at boot-time to check for critical updates.

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt full-upgrade
   sudo apt install rpi-eeprom
   If you wish to control when the updates are applied you can disable the systemd service from running automatically and run rpi-eeprom-update manually.

   # Prevent the service from running, this can be run before the
   # package is installed to prevent it ever running automatically.
   sudo systemctl mask rpi-eeprom-update

   # Enable it again
   sudo systemctl unmask rpi-eeprom-update
   The FREEZE_VERSION option in the EEPROM config file may be used to indicate that the EEPROM should not be updated on this board.

2. Checking if an update is available
   Running the rpi-eeprom-update command with no parameters indicates whether an update is required. An update is required if the timestamp of the most recent file in the firmware directory (normally /lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader/critical) is newer than that reported by the current bootloader. The images under /lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader are part of the rpi-eeprom package and are only updated via apt update.

   sudo rpi-eeprom-update

   Unlikely to be needed and use with great caution. Consider not using and just going to the stable upgrade for the new USB boot.

3. Updating Raspberry Pi 4 to USB Boot, Official Stable Version

   Updated Method to Get Official USB Boot
   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suU09BMMFts&list=TLPQMzAxMjIwMjB4CfzXQZLQag&index=2

   Basically use the Raspberry Pi Configuration Tool at
   sudo raspi-config
   Update the eeprom from here and set the default to USB boot

   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfxFS2mK6ok
   How to update your Raspberry Pi 4 to boot from SSD,Hard drive or USB stick

   Raspberry Pi 4
   supports all models 1GB, 2GB, 4GB and the new 8GB model

   Instructions Perform at your own risk
   Running Raspberry Pi OS from an sd card
   Open a terminal

   sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade
   Reboot
   sudo nano /etc/default/rpi-eeprom-update
   Check you are on stable, change it if not
   sudo rpi-eeprom-update -d -f /lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader/stable/pieeprom-2020-06-15.bin
   Reboot

   After rebooting write your chosen os to usb or sd card with Raspberry imager or balena etcher

4. Simple screen recorder
   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5iwNPGkCSE

   sudo apt-add-repository ppa:maarten-baert/simplescreenrecorder
   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get install simplescreenrecorder

5. Pi Camera Commands”

   raspistill -t 15000 -o newpic.jpg
   The -t option changes the delay before the picture is taken, from the default five seconds to whatever time you give it in milliseconds – in this case, you have a full 15 seconds to get your shot arranged perfectly after you press ENTER.

   Capture video
   For shooting video, raspivid is what you need. Try it out with this Terminal command:

   raspivid -t 10000 -o testvideo.h264
   This records a ten-second video (10,000 milliseconds) at the default 1920 × 1080 resolution.

   You can also shoot slow-mo video at 640 × 480 by using:
   raspivid -w 640 -h 480 -fps 90 -t 10000 -o test90fps.h264

   Tip! Using VNC
   By default, you won’t be able to view the camera preview window when accessing your Raspberry Pi remotely from another computer via VNC. However, there is a setting to make the window appear. Open the VNC Server menu on Raspberry Pi and go to Options > Troubleshooting, then select ‘Enable direct capture mode’.

6. Download Barrier to Raspberry Pi
   https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/articles/share-your-keyboard-and-mouse-with-barrier?mc_cid=2d5d987580&mc_eid=da2e6c4637

   Barrier is used to share a keyboard between Raspberry Pi and other computers: Windows PC, Mac, or Linux (even a second Raspberry Pi).

   First, install Barrier on Raspberry Pi using APT. Open a Terminal and enter:

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt install barrier -y

   Install Barrier on the client
   Now download Barrier to your client computer (in our case the Windows PC) from the Barrier GitHub page.

   Open the BarrierSetup-2.3.2.exe program (you may have a later version number). Use the corresponding DMG file for macOS – or APT for a Linux, as shown in the previous step.

   Make sure all of your computers are connected to the same network before going any further.

   Client and server
   Now that Barrier is installed on both computers, you need to decide which one is going to be in control. This is the one you will have your keyboard and mouse connected to. This will be the ‘server’ and the other computer will be the ‘client’.

   Because we use our Raspberry Pi so much, we’re going to connect our keyboard and mouse to it and have it control the secondary Windows PC. But it could easily be the other way around.

   Set up the server
   Barrier is installed on Raspberry OS, and is opened by choosing Menu > Accessories > Barrier. The Barrier window will appear (below).

   The Barrier server configuration running on Raspberry Pi
   Ensure that Server is ticked and make a note of the IP address (on our Raspberry Pi this is 192.168.0.41; on your network the IP address may be different).

   Set up the client
   Now open the Barrier app on your client machine (in our case a Windows 10 computer).

   Deselect the Server checkbox and select Client instead. Enter the IP address for Raspberry Pi into the Server IP text box. On our setup, Raspberry Pi is located at 192.168.0.41 (below). Your IP address may vary – it is displayed in Barrier on Raspberry Pi. Make a note of the screen name for your client computer. Ours is ‘lucyhattersley-dell’.

   Barrier on the Windows PC and is set up in client mode. Here is our server configuration
   Configure server
   Head back to Barrier on Raspberry Pi and click Configure Server. This will open the Server Configuration window (below).

   The Server Configuration window is used to set up the position of both monitors correctly (so the mouse flows from one screen to another)
   The Server Configuration window is used to set up the position of both monitors correctly (so the mouse flows from one screen to another)
   Now you need to add, and position, the client computer using the Screen Name. Drag the monitor icon from the top-right of the Server Configuration window and place it next to the monitor icon marked ‘raspberrypi’. Ours is positioned to the left of our Raspberry Pi (to match the monitor layout).

   The monitor icon will be called ‘Unnamed’. Double-click it to open the Screen Settings window and change the Screen Name to match the client computer – for example in our case, ‘lucyhattersley-dell’ (below). Click OK to close the window.

   It is important to use the correct screen name of your computer in the Screen Settings window
   Start it up
   Click Start on Barrier on your server computer (in our case, Raspberry Pi). Wait until the lock icon in the bottom left of the Barrier window displays ‘Barrier is running’.

   Now click Start on Barrier on the client computer (our Windows PC). Again, wait for the ‘Barrier is running’ message.

   Mouse and keyboard
   Move the mouse pointer on your Raspberry Pi over to the left of display and it will flow to the client machine. Now you can use Raspberry Pi’s mouse and keyboard to control the Windows interface. Open an app and click on a text box (such as a web browser and URL box). Now you can use Raspberry Pi’s keyboard to enter text into your Windows computer. It’s now safe to disconnect any keyboard and mouse from the client computer. You’ll be able to use the server keyboard and mouse moving forward.

7. RPI4 & Ubuntu MATE – How to enable video acceleration Updated: June 27, 2020
   https://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/rpi4-ubuntu-mate-hw-video-acceleration.html

   Let’s fix another problem. This is a big one, and technically speaking, the most important one. Because if you intend to use Raspberry Pi 4 as a desktop system, like I do, then hardware acceleration is a critical component of the overall experience.

8. Motion activated camera on your raspberry pi, using Motion

   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AejagSlRHQU

   Step 5:
   open terminal and type in these commands followed by the enter key.
   ‘sudo apt-get update’
   ‘sudo apt-get install motion’

   Step 6:
   once step 4 is complete, run these commands.
   ‘cd /etc/motion/
   ‘sudo nano motion.conf’

   Step 7:
   Scroll down in the document to find the line ‘stream_localhost on’ and change it to
   ‘stream_localhost off’
   Then press ‘CTRL+X’, then ‘y’, then ‘ENTER’
   Then type ‘sudo reboot’ and wait.

   Step 8:
   Once on again, in the terminal type ‘ifconfig’ followed by enter
   Look for your internet connection (wlan for wifi, or eth for ethernet)
   On the 2nd line of your interface, you should see ‘inet addr:(your ip)’

   Step 9:
   Back on your raspberry pi, type in ‘sudo motion -n’
   You should see the program starting up and see it saving pictures when you make motion on your camera.

   To end motion, press ‘CTRL+C’

   Step 10:
   Go to your other device that is on the same network and type in that ip that you found in step 7 followed by ‘:8081’. EXAMPLE: 192.168.0.15:8081

   To stop motion press ‘CTRL+C’

   You can type ‘sudo nano /etc/motion/motion.conf’ to control the camera options.

9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9RixHaScHc&t=16s

10. https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=252115

    cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp

    Returns a number like 53069 which means that the CPU temperature is 53.069 Centigrade

11. Commands for your Raspberry Pi
    1. ip addr
    2. cat /etc/hostname
    3. df -h
    4. free -h
    5. /opt/vc/bin/vcgencmd measure_temp
    6. cat /etc/os-release
    7. uptime -p
    8. lsusb -t (gives information on attached USB drives)

12. PiKiss The Ultimate Simple Categorized Installer For The Raspberry Pi 4

    Link to ETA Prime Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhOGAkV3ves

    Link to Developer Git Hub: https://github.com/jmcerrejon/PiKISS

13. Recording Audio on the Raspberry Pi with Python and a USB Microphone

    https://makersportal.com/blog/2018/8/23/recording-audio-on-the-raspberry-pi-with-python-and-a-usb-microphone#:~:text=The%20Raspberry%20Pi%20is%20capable,playback%20fairly%20good%20quality%20audio.

14. Working with File Permissions on Your Raspberry Pi
    https://www.dummies.com/computers/raspberry-pi/working-with-file-permissions-on-your-raspberry-pi/

    sudo chmod a+rwx filename-or-full-filepath

    Letter Read r
    r Read permission
    w Write permission
    x Execute permission
    X Special magic execute permission for folders

15. Camera Hints
    – enable camera in preferences
    – raspistill
    —-> -vf (rotate vertical)
    —-> -hf(rotate horizontal)
    —-> -o /home/pi/Pictures/photoname. jpg
    – raspivid -o /home/pi/Pictures/videoname.h264
    – Timelapse
    —-> raspistill -t3000 -tl2000 -o/image%004d.jpeg (takes a series of pictures)

    MagPi Issue 95 Camera Python Files:
    https://github.com/themagpimag/magpi-issue95/tree/master/HQ%20camera%20part%203

16. Déjà Dup
    This automates rsync and gives it a user-friendly interface. Backup your Raspberry Pi using Amazon S3, SSH, FTP, or by copying the files directly to a flash drive.

    You can pick directories to include and exclude, and it’s easy to restore backups. Déjà Dup is installed by default on Ubuntu, and is easy to install in Raspbian:

    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
    sudo apt-get install deja-dup

    Now you’ll find a new program called Backups in Menu > Accessories.
    Click on Folders to save and check that Home (pi) is listed. Folders to ignore should include Rubbish Bin.
    Now click on Storage Location and change Amazon S3 to your flash drive.
    Go back to Overview and click Back Up Now. Déjà Dup will start the first backup.

17. NAME
    cryfs – cryptographic filesystem for the cloud
    SYNOPSIS
    cryfs [-c file] [-f] [options] basedir mountpoint [– fuse-options]
    cryfs –help|–version|–show-ciphers
    DESCRIPTION
    CryFS encrypts your files, so you can safely store them anywhere.
    The goal of CryFS is not only to keep file contents, but also file sizes, metadata and directory structure confidential. CryFS uses encrypted same-size blocks to store both the files themselves and the block’s relations to another. These blocks are stored as individual files in the base directory, which can then be synchronized with cloud services such as Dropbox.

    The blocks are encrypted using a random key, which is stored in a configuration file encrypted by the user’s passphrase. By default, it will be stored together with the data in the base directory, but you can choose a different location if you do not want it in your cloud or when using a weak passphrase.

    USING CRYFS
    Selecting base and mount directories
    While you can access your files through your mount directory, CryFS actually places them in your base directory after encrypting. CryFS will encrypt and decrypt your files ‘on the fly’ as they are accessed, so files will never be stored on the disk in unencrypted form.
    You can choose any empty directory as your base, but your mount directory should be outside of any cloud storage, as your cloud may try to sync your (temporarily mounted) unencrypted files as well.

    Setup and usage of your encrypted directory
    Creating and mounting your encrypted storage use the same command-line syntax:
    cryfs basedir mountpoint
    If CryFS detects an encrypted storage in the given base directory, you will be asked for the passphrase to unlock and mount it. Otherwise, CryFS will help you with creating one, just follow the on-screen instructions.

    After you are done working with your encrypted files, unmount your storage with the command
    fusermount -u mountpoint
    Changing your passphrase
    As the encryption key to your CryFS storage is stored in your configuration file, it would be possible to re-encrypt it using a different passphrase (although this feature has not been implemented yet).
    However, this does not change the actual encryption key of your storage, so someone with access to the old passphrase and configuration file (for example through the file history of your cloud or your file system) could still access your files, even those created after the password change.

    For this reason, the recommended way to change your passphrase is to create a new CryFS storage with the new passphrase and move your files from the old to the new one.

    OPTIONS
    Getting help
    -h, –help
    Show a help message containing short descriptions for all options.
    –show-ciphers
    Show a list of all supported encryption ciphers.
    –version
    Show the CryFS version number.
    Encryption parameters
    –blocksize arg
    Set the block size to arg bytes. Defaults to 32768.
    A higher block size may help reducing the file count in your base directory (especially when storing large files), but will also waste more space when storing smaller files.

    –cipher arg
    Use arg as the cipher for the encryption. Defaults to aes-256-gcm.
    -c file, –config file
    Use file as configuration file for this CryFS storage instead of basedir/cryfs.config
    General options
    -f, –foreground
    Run CryFS in the foreground. Stop using CTRL-C.
    –allow-filesystem-upgrade
    Allow upgrading the file system if it was created with an old CryFS version. After the upgrade, older CryFS versions might not be able to use the file system anymore.
    –allow-integrity-violations
    By default, CryFS checks for integrity violations, i.e. will notice if an adversary modified or rolled back the file system. Using this flag, you can disable the integrity checks. This can for example be helpful for loading an old snapshot of your file system without CryFS thinking an adversary rolled it back.
    –allow-replaced-filesystem
    By default, CryFS remembers file systems it has seen in this base directory and checks that it didn’t get replaced by an attacker with an entirely different file system since the last time it was loaded. However, if you do want to replace the file system with an entirely new one, you can pass in this option to disable the check.
    –missing-block-is-integrity-violation=true
    When CryFS encounters a missing ciphertext block, it cannot cannot (yet) know if it was deleted by an unauthorized adversary or by a second authorized client. This is one of the restrictions of the integrity checks currently in place. You can enable this flag to treat missing ciphertext blocks as integrity violations, but then your file system will not be usable by multiple clients anymore. By default, this flag is disabled.
    –logfile file
    Write status information to file. If no logfile is given, CryFS will write them to syslog in background mode, or to stdout in foreground mode.
    –unmount-idle arg
    Unmount automatically after arg minutes of inactivity.
    ENVIRONMENT
    CRYFS_FRONTEND=noninteractive
    With this option set, CryFS will only ask for the encryption passphrase once. Instead of asking the user for parameters not specified on the command line, it will just use the default values. CryFS will also not ask you to confirm your passphrase when creating a new CryFS storage.
    Set this environment variable when automating CryFS using external tools or shell scripts.

    CRYFS_NO_UPDATE_CHECK=true
    By default, CryFS connects to the internet to check for known security vulnerabilities and new versions. This option disables this.
    CRYFS_LOCAL_STATE_DIR=[path]
    Sets the directory cryfs uses to store local state. This local state is used to recognize known file systems and run integrity checks (i.e. check that they haven’t been modified by an attacker. Default value: ${HOME}/.cryfs
    SEE ALSO
    mount.fuse(1), fusermount(1)
    For more information about the design of CryFS, visit https://www.cryfs.org

    Visit the development repository at https://github.com/cryfs/cryfs for the source code and the full list of contributors to CryFS.

18. Twister OS Patcher
    An updater for Twister OS that automatically downloads, unzips, and runs the latest patch for Twister OS. It is fine if you run the patcher more than once as it auto-detects your version. You have to run the patcher when you can reboot your computer as it is required for patching.

    https://github.com/FlameKat53/Twister-OS-Patcher

    Install/Update
    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FlameKat53/Twister-OS-Patcher/master/install.sh && chmod +x ./install.sh && ./install.sh && rm install.sh
    If you notice the repo has been changed, run twistpatch-update to update your current version of the patcher.

    Commands
    twistpatch: Runs the main patcher script to patch Twister OS
    twistpatch-update: Removes and reinstalls TwistPatcher to get the latest code
    twistpatch-remove: Uninstalls TwistPatcher from your system

19. Using Different Temperature Sensors with the Raspberry Pi

    Includes information on several sensors including DHT22 and DS18B20
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sX9KCK2Z-I0
    https://medium.com/initial-state/how-to-build-a-raspberry-pi-temperature-monitor-8c2f70acaea9

20. Raspberry Pi as a Network Attached Storage Device

    https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/how-to-turn-a-raspberry-pi-into-a-nas-for-whole-home-file-sharing

    https://www.howtogeek.com/139433/how-to-turn-a-raspberry-pi-into-a-low-power-network-storage-device/

    https://www.windowscentral.com/how-build-raspberry-pi-powered-nas

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fIeiZx4voU

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpvlEbdA6qI

21. NumLock On When Booting (May or may not work??)
    — Open up /etc/kbd/config with your favorite editor.
    — Search for a line that says LEDS=+num. It should be on line 67 if I’m not mistaken.

22. Setting up and Running Torguard on Rasp Pi

    https://torguard.net/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=174

23. Botspot PiApps link on GitHub

    Useful to install certain list of programs on the RaspPi

    https://github.com/Botspot/pi-apps

24. Home Assistant OS for Raspberry Pi

    https://www.home-assistant.io/blog/2017/07/25/introducing-hassio/

    Hass.io is an operating system that will take care of installing and updating Home Assistant, is managed from the Home Assistant UI, allows creating/restoring snapshots of your configuration and can easily be extended using Hass.io add-ons including Google Assistant and Let’s Encrypt.

25. Pi-Apps

    github.com/Botspot/pi-apps

26. Removing Headmelted Version of VS Code
    https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=285559

27. Possible Statement to Help USB Wireless on Pi
    add the following line to the ‘/boot/cmdline.txt’
    usbhid.mousepoll=0

    Tried with Wisfox Mouse and Keyboard, Amazon order 9/16/2020

28. Pi-Safe for Backing Up and Compressing
    https://github.com/richardmidnight/pi-safe
    See Leepspvideo review on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XP6ycUR9Ih0
    In a terminal window, type in
    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RichardMidnight/pi-safe/main/pisafe
    bash pisafe

    Then you can select ‘install’ from the menu to install it in your Raspberry Pi menu

    PiSafe – Raspberry Pi imaging app by Richard Midnight

    https://github.com/richardmidnight/pi-safe

    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RichardMidnight/pi-safe/main/pisafe
    bash pisafe

    Then you can select ‘install’ from the menu to install it in your Raspberry Pi menu

29. MacOSBigSurThemeConverter
    https://github.com/techcoder20/MacOSBigSurThemeConverter

30. RaspController
    appt to use to control the pi from your phone
    https://www.gallinaettore.com/android_apps/raspcontroller/

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